This form is a traditional taekwondo form, meaning it pre-dates contemporary forms (such as those used by the ITF, ATA, and WT). In other words, this is a form used during the 1950s within the Nine Kwans that eventually came together to form taekwondo.
- Older forms such as this one were often based on forms from other martial arts.
- The details and names of these older forms tend to vary more widely from school to school as well.
The version shown here is just one version; the reader should recognize that there will be variations among schools.
Ji-in, Ji-on, and Jit-te form a group of kata used in Shotokan Karate and other karate styles, beginning with the same characteristic kamae of the left hand covering the right, which apparently has roots in ancient Chinese boxing. Their origin is thought to be from the Tomari-te school, however Hirokazu Kanazawa speculates that the Jion kata were devised in the Jionji 慈恩寺, the Jion temple, where martial arts were famously practiced. From there, Kanazawa believes the Jion kata were spread into the Tomari region.
Ji-in - Ji'in 慈陰 ("Inverted Mercy") is important for the execution of many simultaneous techniques and the often-repeated stances, enabling swift changes of direction while maintaining balance, power and steps of equal length. It has, however, been removed from the Japan Karate Association teaching and grading syllabus.
Ji-on - 慈恩 ("Mercy") is a representative kata in the Shotokan system because of the importance of the perfection of the basic stances it contains, notably zenkutsu dachi and kiba dachi (horse stance). Also practiced in some Shito Ryu organizations, emphasis is also placed on kokutsu dachi, the kata is noticeably shorter than its Shotokan counterpart.
Jit-te - The mastery of Jit-te (Jutte 十手 "Ten Hands") should in theory enable one to face ten adversaries. Some claim that the name is derived from the position of the raised fists, resembling a type of sai known as a jutte, which occurs a number of times in the kata. This rather short kata of only 24 movements contains a number of defences that can be implemented against the bo staff. Sometimes spelled Jitte; also known in some styles as Sip Soo.
Video[]
Diagram[]
This diagram is copyright John B. Correljé and is used with permission. Terms and conditions are available at http://sites.google.com/site/tangsoodochonkyong
Written Instructions[]
See: http://www.trinityshotokan.com/documents/jion.html
See Also[]
Many of the forms often used in Traditional Taekwondo are included in the following table. In developing his Moo Duk Kwan curriculum, Hwang Kee assigned symbols, listed below, to many of the forms.
Family / Origin | Forms |
---|---|
Basic beginner forms developed by Hwang Kee in 1947. | |
Later variants of the beginner forms, developed by the World Tang Soo Do Association; these emphasize earlier training in kicking. |
Sae Kye Hyeong Il Bu |
Pyung Ahn forms, also called Pinan and Heian forms. From Shotokan Karate, developed approx. 1870 as beginner forms. Symbol: The Tortoise |
Pyung Ahn Cho-Dan |
Naihanchi forms, from Shotokan Karate. Also called Chul-Gi, Keema, and Tekki. Symbol: The Horse | |
Bassai forms, Escaping the Fortress, also called Pal-Sek. Adapted into Shotokan Karate but originally from Kung Fu. Symbol: The Cobra |
Bassai Sho |
Adapted from Shotokan Karate. Symbol: The Crane | |
From the karate form Kūsankū. Symbol: The Eagle | Kong-Sang-Koon |
From the karate form Enpi. Symbol: The Bird | Wang Shu (also called Empi) |
From the karate form Seisan. Symbol: The Preying Mantis | Sei-Shan |
Ji-On forms, adapted from Shotokan Karate. |
Ji-On, Symbol: The Ram |
From the karate form Gojūshiho. Symbol: The Tiger |
O Sip Sa Bo (also called Gojūshiho) |
Adapted by Hwang Kee from Kung Fu and T'ai Chi. | |
Chil Sung, the Seven Stars developed by Hwang Kee in approx. 1952 |
Chil Sung Il Ro |
Yook Ro, the Six-Fold Path developed by Hwang Kee in approx. 1958, inspired by the Muye Dobo Tongji. |
Yook Ro Cho Dan - Du Mun |
See Taekwondo Forms for additional information.
Written Instructions[]
http://www.trinityshotokan.com/documents/jion.html
References[]
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