(Modified representations about trademark infringement suggesting it as acceptable. Over 65 countries have agreed via the Madrid Protocol and subsequent policies that unlicensed parties cannot simply use an existing trademark for their advantage.) Tag: Visual edit |
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[[File:JoongAng_dojang.jpg|thumb|300px|The Joong Ang dojang in 1955]] |
[[File:JoongAng_dojang.jpg|thumb|300px|The Joong Ang dojang in 1955]] |
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[[File:Moo Duk Kwan Tang Soo Do History Video|thumb|right|300px|Vintage 1950s-1960s video from Moo Duk Kwan]] |
[[File:Moo Duk Kwan Tang Soo Do History Video|thumb|right|300px|Vintage 1950s-1960s video from Moo Duk Kwan]] |
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| − | '''Moo Duk Kwan''' |
+ | '''Moo Duk Kwan''' ("School of Martial Virtue") is the name of the martial art school founded by [[Hwang Kee]] in Korea in 1945. It was one of the first martial arts schools ("[[Nine Kwans|kwans]]") to open after the end of the Japanese occupation of Korea at the end of World War II. During its history, Moo Duk Kwan has split several times into schools still that still use the name Moo Duk Kwan: |
| + | *One branch endorses [[Kukkiwon]]/WTF-style taekwondo. |
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| − | Hwang Kee was the source of all Moo Duk Kwan® schools in South Korea. In 1964 the Korean government launched the Taekwondo movement [http://taekwondo.wikia.com/wiki/Kwan_Ri_Kwan to eliminate all the individual kwans in Korea] and replace them with only Taekwondo. The government sponsored Taekwondo movement did not recognize individual kwans and did not use any of their names (including MOO DUK KWAN®) in any official way. After all, the very purpose of the Taekwondo movement was [http://taekwondo.wikia.com/wiki/Kwan_Ri_Kwan to eliminate individual kwans] like Hwang Kee’s Moo Duk Kwan®. Unfortunately, some instructors who disassociated from Hwang Kee’s Moo Duk Kwan® organization and joined the Taekwondo movement chose to use his well known Moo Duk Kwan® name for their advantage. |
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| + | *Another branch endorses [[Soo Bahk Do]] (essentially a variation of Tang Soo Do). |
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| − | * Licensed Moo Duk Kwan® schools worldwide teach the Soo Bahk Do® martial art system. |
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| + | *And yet another branch endorses [[Tang Soo Do]]. This style is sometimes also called [[Moo Duk Kwan Taekwondo]]. |
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| − | * Some former Moo Duk Kwan® alumni teach [[Tang Soo Do|tang soo do]] in their schools. |
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| − | * Still other former Moo Duk Kwan® alumni teach [[Kukkiwon]]/WTF-style taekwondo in their schools. |
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Regarding the duplicative names, see also: [[#Trademark Dispute|Trademark Dispute]], below. |
Regarding the duplicative names, see also: [[#Trademark Dispute|Trademark Dispute]], below. |
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Kee claimed he was inspired to develop his own martial art after having witnessed as a child a man defend himself using the martial art [[Tae Kyon]] against a large group of men. Although the Korea Taekkyon Associate disputes Hwang's story, Hwang says that the man refused to teach him, leaving him to devise his own system based on what he had seen. Traveling between Manchuria and Korea during World War II, Hwang later successfully appealed to Chinese martial arts teacher Yang Kuk Jin for training. Kee combined what he learned of Chinese martial arts with Korean martial traditions to develop a style he called Hwa Soo Do ("the Way of the Flowering Hand"). This was the style he taught when he first opened his school in the railway storage room, on November 9, 1945. |
Kee claimed he was inspired to develop his own martial art after having witnessed as a child a man defend himself using the martial art [[Tae Kyon]] against a large group of men. Although the Korea Taekkyon Associate disputes Hwang's story, Hwang says that the man refused to teach him, leaving him to devise his own system based on what he had seen. Traveling between Manchuria and Korea during World War II, Hwang later successfully appealed to Chinese martial arts teacher Yang Kuk Jin for training. Kee combined what he learned of Chinese martial arts with Korean martial traditions to develop a style he called Hwa Soo Do ("the Way of the Flowering Hand"). This was the style he taught when he first opened his school in the railway storage room, on November 9, 1945. |
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| − | Kee's initial efforts attracted few students, so in 1947 he rebranded the school, now calling his art Hwa Soo Do, and then eventually Tang Soo Do. Kee's revised style ultimately proved successful. By 1955 Kee's school had grown so much the he was able to lease his first commercial space, called the ''Joong Ang'' dojang. By this time the many kwans in Korea were in discussion about how to consolidate and unify their styles; at this point, the name ''taekwondo'' was being used to describe the new style. Though initially a part of the unification efforts, Kee withdrew |
+ | Kee's initial efforts attracted few students, so in 1947 he rebranded the school, now calling his art Hwa Soo Do, and then eventually Tang Soo Do. Kee's revised style ultimately proved successful. By 1955 Kee's school had grown so much the he was able to lease his first commercial space, called the ''Joong Ang'' dojang. By this time the many kwans in Korea were in discussion about how to consolidate and unify their styles; at this point, the name ''taekwondo'' was being used to describe the new style. Though initially a part of the unification efforts, Kee withdrew Moo Duk Kwan from the unification efforts in 1958. That same year, Kee established the Korea Tang Soo Do Association. |
| − | ===Moo Duk Kwan |
+ | ===Moo Duk Kwan Split=== |
| − | In 1957 Kee was introduced to the [[Muye Dobo Tongji]] by a librarian at the Korean National University in Seoul. It referenced the martial arts system of [[Subak]], a bare hands and feet technique. Hwang Kee incorporated techniques inspired by the Muye Dobo Tongji and changed the name of his |
+ | In 1957 Kee was introduced to the [[Muye Dobo Tongji]] by a librarian at the Korean National University in Seoul. It referenced the martial arts system of [[Subak]], a bare hands and feet technique. Hwang Kee incorporated techniques inspired by the Muye Dobo Tongji and changed the name of his art to [[Soo Bahk Do|Soo Bakh Do]] on June 30, 1960. Many of his former students however continued to teach Tang Soo Do at their schools; this marked the first split within Moo Duk Kwan. |
| − | + | In addition, by 1965, still other students of Moo Duk Kwan were embracing the emerging "[[Kukkiwon|kukki]]" style of taekwondo. In March 1965 a faction of students led by [[Hong Chong Soo]], [[Lee Kang Ik]], and [[Oh Se Joon]] joined the taekwondo unification efforts of the [[Korea Taekwondo Association]] (KTA). This marked a second split of the Moo Duk Kwan. All three groups however (Hwang Kee, his former Tang Soo Do students, and his students now embracing the kukki-style) continued to refer to their style as Moo Duk Kwan. During later KTA unification efforts, this duplication of names required the KTA to establish an "administrative" kwan called [[Kwan Ri Kwan]] as a way to designate Moo Duk Kwan members who were involved in taekwondo unification but were not part of the "original" Moo Duk Kwan. |
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| − | ==Modern Moo Duk Kwan |
+ | ==Modern Moo Duk Kwan== |
| + | As a consequence of the splits that occured in the 1960s, there are several organizations that now call themselves Moo Duk Kwan. These include: |
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| − | Some Moo Duk Kwan® alumni may use the Moo Duk Kwan® name in an inappropriate manner unintentionally or willfully and in doing so risk [https://karatefraud.com/about/ the legal consequences of trademark infringement.] |
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| ⚫ | |||
| − | *[https://worldmoodukkwan.com/there-is-only-one-moo-duk-kwan/ World Moo Duk Kwan]® (Hwang Kee's only authorized successor organization) |
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| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
**Current President: Seo Wang-Reol |
**Current President: Seo Wang-Reol |
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**Current Vice President: Moon Dae-Won |
**Current Vice President: Moon Dae-Won |
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*** Kim Dong Kook |
*** Kim Dong Kook |
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*** Chon Jae Kyu |
*** Chon Jae Kyu |
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| + | * Korea Taekwondo Moo Duk Kwan Association |
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| ⚫ | |||
== Trademark Dispute == |
== Trademark Dispute == |
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| − | In 1976 |
+ | In 1976 a Moo Duk Kwan organization ("[http://soobahkdo.com The United States Soo Bahk Do Moo Duk Kwan Federation]") was chartered in New Jersey, USA; the organization trademarked the name "Moo Duk Kwan" for use within the U.S. (generally speaking, U.S. trademarks do not apply outside the U.S.; separate trademarks are required for each country in which a trademark is sought.) The organization has since actively initiated legal actions in the U.S. to deter trademark infringers, with a recent U.S. District Court victory resulting in a [http://karatefraud.com/martial-art-instructors-hit-with-115560-judgment/ permanent injunction] and $115,560 judgment against multiple instructors and even the [http://karatefraud.com/martial-art-instructor-charged-and-arrested-for-trademark-countefeiting/ arrest of a trademark infringer]. |
| + | Note that though this particular trademark does apply specifically to the use of the Moo Duk Kwan logo in the U.S., it does not apply outside the U.S. (no U.S. trademarks do), and it does not apply to logos of splinter organizations such as the [https://www.worldtangsoodo.com World Tang Soo Do Association], nor to the use of general terms such as "Tang Soo Do". Some successor organizations of Moo Duk Kwan also hold trademarks outside the U.S. |
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| − | The United States Soo Bahk Do Moo Duk Kwan Federation has since [https://ip.soobahkdo.org/trademark-enforcement/ actively initiated legal actions] in the U.S. to deter [https://karatefraud.com/about/ trademark infringers] and has been successful in 100% of actions taken, with a recent U.S. Federal District Court victory resulting in a [http://karatefraud.com/martial-art-instructors-hit-with-115560-judgment/ permanent injunction] and $115,560 judgment against multiple instructors and even the [http://karatefraud.com/martial-art-instructor-charged-and-arrested-for-trademark-countefeiting/ arrest of a trademark infringer]. |
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| ⚫ | |||
| − | |||
| − | While this particular trademark applies to the use of the Moo Duk Kwan® name and Moo Duk Kwan® fist logo in the U.S., Hwang Kee's successor also holds trademarks in multiple countries. Trademark rights are typically earned by use and protected by registration. Hwang Kee's use began in 1945. |
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| − | |||
| − | Many Moo Duk Kwan alumni® have adopted independent names and logos distinct and different from Hwang Kee's Moo Duk Kwan® name and logo and have been very successful in their endeavors such as the [https://www.worldtangsoodo.com World Tang Soo Do Association]. |
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| − | *For additional detail, see: |
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| ⚫ | |||
| − | *[https://karatefraud.com/about/ KarateFraud.com] |
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== See Also == |
== See Also == |
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* Stanford's [http://web.stanford.edu/group/Taekwondo/documents/tkd_history.pdf Taekwondo History] |
* Stanford's [http://web.stanford.edu/group/Taekwondo/documents/tkd_history.pdf Taekwondo History] |
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* http://www.tangsoodoworld.com/reference/reference_history_of_MDK.htm |
* http://www.tangsoodoworld.com/reference/reference_history_of_MDK.htm |
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| − | * https://karatefraud.com/about/ |
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[[Category:Nine Kwans]] |
[[Category:Nine Kwans]] |
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[[Category:Kwan]] |
[[Category:Kwan]] |
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Latest revision as of 22:29, 29 October 2018
Moo Duk Kwan
The Joong Ang dojang in 1955
Moo Duk Kwan Tang Soo Do History Video
Vintage 1950s-1960s video from Moo Duk Kwan
Moo Duk Kwan ("School of Martial Virtue") is the name of the martial art school founded by Hwang Kee in Korea in 1945. It was one of the first martial arts schools ("kwans") to open after the end of the Japanese occupation of Korea at the end of World War II. During its history, Moo Duk Kwan has split several times into schools still that still use the name Moo Duk Kwan:
- One branch endorses Kukkiwon/WTF-style taekwondo.
- Another branch endorses Soo Bahk Do (essentially a variation of Tang Soo Do).
- And yet another branch endorses Tang Soo Do. This style is sometimes also called Moo Duk Kwan Taekwondo.
Regarding the duplicative names, see also: Trademark Dispute, below.
History[]
Hwang Kee is said to have begun studying Chinese martial arts in 1936 while working as an employee of the South Manchurian Railway, during the Japanese Occupation of Korea. After the end of the Japanese occupation of Korea (i.e., at the end of World War II), Kee began teaching martial arts in a storage room in the Yong San Railroad Station in Seoul. Some of this students were fellow railway workers. As the school expanded, Kee continued to find space for instruction at other railways stations. For this reason, his school was sometimes called the "The Railroad Dojang."
Kee claimed he was inspired to develop his own martial art after having witnessed as a child a man defend himself using the martial art Tae Kyon against a large group of men. Although the Korea Taekkyon Associate disputes Hwang's story, Hwang says that the man refused to teach him, leaving him to devise his own system based on what he had seen. Traveling between Manchuria and Korea during World War II, Hwang later successfully appealed to Chinese martial arts teacher Yang Kuk Jin for training. Kee combined what he learned of Chinese martial arts with Korean martial traditions to develop a style he called Hwa Soo Do ("the Way of the Flowering Hand"). This was the style he taught when he first opened his school in the railway storage room, on November 9, 1945.
Kee's initial efforts attracted few students, so in 1947 he rebranded the school, now calling his art Hwa Soo Do, and then eventually Tang Soo Do. Kee's revised style ultimately proved successful. By 1955 Kee's school had grown so much the he was able to lease his first commercial space, called the Joong Ang dojang. By this time the many kwans in Korea were in discussion about how to consolidate and unify their styles; at this point, the name taekwondo was being used to describe the new style. Though initially a part of the unification efforts, Kee withdrew Moo Duk Kwan from the unification efforts in 1958. That same year, Kee established the Korea Tang Soo Do Association.
Moo Duk Kwan Split[]
In 1957 Kee was introduced to the Muye Dobo Tongji by a librarian at the Korean National University in Seoul. It referenced the martial arts system of Subak, a bare hands and feet technique. Hwang Kee incorporated techniques inspired by the Muye Dobo Tongji and changed the name of his art to Soo Bakh Do on June 30, 1960. Many of his former students however continued to teach Tang Soo Do at their schools; this marked the first split within Moo Duk Kwan.
In addition, by 1965, still other students of Moo Duk Kwan were embracing the emerging "kukki" style of taekwondo. In March 1965 a faction of students led by Hong Chong Soo, Lee Kang Ik, and Oh Se Joon joined the taekwondo unification efforts of the Korea Taekwondo Association (KTA). This marked a second split of the Moo Duk Kwan. All three groups however (Hwang Kee, his former Tang Soo Do students, and his students now embracing the kukki-style) continued to refer to their style as Moo Duk Kwan. During later KTA unification efforts, this duplication of names required the KTA to establish an "administrative" kwan called Kwan Ri Kwan as a way to designate Moo Duk Kwan members who were involved in taekwondo unification but were not part of the "original" Moo Duk Kwan.
Modern Moo Duk Kwan[]
As a consequence of the splits that occured in the 1960s, there are several organizations that now call themselves Moo Duk Kwan. These include:
- Moo Duk Kwan Federation in Korea
- Current President: Seo Wang-Reol
- Current Vice President: Moon Dae-Won
- Current Secretary General: Kang Shin-Chul
- Previous presidents:
- Hwang Kee: 1945
- Lee Kang Ik: 1965
- Hong Chong Soo: 1970s
- Kim In Seok: 1970s
- Choi Nam Do: 1980s
- Hong Chong Soo
- Kim Dong Kook
- Chon Jae Kyu
- Korea Taekwondo Moo Duk Kwan Association
- United States Soo Bahk Do Moo Duk Kwan Federation
Trademark Dispute[]
In 1976 a Moo Duk Kwan organization ("The United States Soo Bahk Do Moo Duk Kwan Federation") was chartered in New Jersey, USA; the organization trademarked the name "Moo Duk Kwan" for use within the U.S. (generally speaking, U.S. trademarks do not apply outside the U.S.; separate trademarks are required for each country in which a trademark is sought.) The organization has since actively initiated legal actions in the U.S. to deter trademark infringers, with a recent U.S. District Court victory resulting in a permanent injunction and $115,560 judgment against multiple instructors and even the arrest of a trademark infringer.
Note that though this particular trademark does apply specifically to the use of the Moo Duk Kwan logo in the U.S., it does not apply outside the U.S. (no U.S. trademarks do), and it does not apply to logos of splinter organizations such as the World Tang Soo Do Association, nor to the use of general terms such as "Tang Soo Do". Some successor organizations of Moo Duk Kwan also hold trademarks outside the U.S.
- For additional detail, see: DocketAlarm.com
See Also[]
References[]
- Moo Duk Kwan on Wikipedia
- Stanford's Taekwondo History
- http://www.tangsoodoworld.com/reference/reference_history_of_MDK.htm